What does that mean, exactly? To many coaches, swimming efficiently is analogous to distance per stroke. But that is not quite right. Swimming efficiency is really more appropriately defined by the body’s speed in the water versus the energy expended to reach that speed. Here are some examples of what I mean.
In the 200 meter freestyle, former world record holder Pieter Van den Hoogenband would take 38 or 39 strokes per 50 meters, while Ian Thorpe or Michael Phelps would take around 34 strokes per 50 meters. Obviously, Thorpe and Phelps are getting greater distance per stroke, but are they also more efficient?
In the 50 meter freestyle, world record holder Cesar Cielo would take about 34 strokes while former world record holder, Eamon Sullivan would take about 38 strokes for the same distance. Same question.
When we examine efficiency more closely, we see that it really boils down to the same three physical properties that govern all of our swimming techniques, laws of drag, motion and inertia. At The Race Club, we refer often to these three fundamentals. Ultimately, our swimming speed is determined not just by technique, but by fitness, power, mental toughness, fatigue, among other things, so we cannot say that efficiency is based on technique alone. But if we assume that we have a given level of fitness, power, mental toughness, etc at any moment in time, our technique then really becomes the key factor in determining our efficiency.
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